By inhibiting this process, cephalexin disrupts cell viability, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell autolysis. This reaction is crucial for the cross-linking of bacterial peptidoglycan. More specifically, the beta-lactam ring of cephalexin binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which effectively hinders the final stage of peptidoglycan synthesis, known as the transpeptidation reaction. Cephalexin, along with other beta-lactam antibiotics, utilizes its beta-lactam ring to inhibit the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a crucial process in forming the bacterial cell wall. ![]() Within a bacterial cell, peptidoglycan provides mechanical stability to the cell wall. This comprehensive activity provides an overview of the indications, mechanism of action, contraindications, and adverse effects of cephalexin, enabling the interprofessional healthcare team to utilize it appropriately in patient care.Ĭephalexin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that belongs to the first-generation cephalosporin class and is characterized by a beta-lactam ring in its structure. Both streptococcal and staphylococcal species can cause these infections. Cephalexin is commonly utilized in the treatment of urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, otitis media, bone infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Proteus mirabilis, and skin and soft tissue infections primarily caused by S aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. Cephalexin is administered prophylactically to minimize the risk of surgical site infections and other bacterial infections. This drug is widely used in outpatient and inpatient healthcare settings due to its favorable safety and efficacy profile. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1970 and is classified as a first-generation cephalosporin. Cephalexin is an antibiotic approved by the U.S.
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